Ofcom report: how news consumption has changed

Ofcom report into news consumption:

• National Readership Survey provides newspaper readership figures
• online consumption metrics from UKOM/comScore
• Ofcom appoints news surveys by primary source
• BARB has metrics on TV viewing

1) What are the most popular platforms for audiences to access news and how has this changed in recent years?

• Radio  - least popular 
• Apps/internet - popular
• TV
• Newspaper

2) How do different age demographics access news in the UK?

• 21% 16-24 year olds use newspapers;
• 44% of 55+ use newspapers
• 23% 16-24 year olds radio
• 37% 55+ radio 
• 67% adults use television as a source of news
• 55+ are likely to watch news on TV newspapers and radio than compared to 16-24 
• around 51% of 16-24 year olds use TV for news
• around 86% of 55+ use TV for news
• 59% 16-24 year olds news online
• 23% over 55 news online 
• 9/10 adults follow news 

3) Does socio-economic status change attitudes to news? If so, how?

• Newspaper = 38% AB; 26% DE 
• Radio = 46% AB; 23% DE 
• Internet = 50% AB; 29% DE
• TV = 71% AB; 67% DE

4) How many different sources of news are used on average? How does differ between different groups?

• the number of people have remained the same (2014)
• 44% of people use the news via TV
• 43% of those are internet users
• 34% of those are newspaper readers
• 60% of those are radio users (which is surprisingly a large figure, especially against the internet use)
• 48% view BBC news, and 27% view ITV news

5) How has news consumption through television changed in recent years?

News consumption figures have been hit greatly by the introduction of e-media and other device introductions < my opinion

• ITV is the younger demographics most popular source for news than compared to the older demographic
• 72% of adults tune in to watch BBC news
• The amount of hours people use to watch on average was 115 hours per week, the figure has drastically dropped by 7 hours in 2014 (previous hours was in 2013). 
• In total, ages 16-24 would watch a total of 25 hours of news per year (on average), 55+ age demographic would watch total 189 hours on average (per year)

6) How much has news consumption through newspapers declined since 2005?

• Audience purchases/interactivity with newspapers have gone down (decreased) since 2005, by 27%
• 16-24 18% on ITV; 12.5% for 55+ 
• Channel 4 = 16-24 5.8% and for 55+ 2.3% 
• BBC one most used = 72% of adults

• ITV second most used = 41% of adults 
• BBC News Channel third most = 20% of adults 

7) How does newspaper reach differ by age group?

• 16-24 year old's are likely to read The Sun by 27%
• The Metro would receive 25%
• 15% of the older demographic state that they read The Sun, which leaves 5% of the same demographic viewing The Metro

8) Which are the most popular newspapers and websites in the UK? What do you know about those newspapers' political viewpoints?

• Most popular newspaper is The Sun 20% of UK adults; tabloid newspaper, supports the Labour party 
• The Daily Mail 5.5 million users joint with print and online - right wing tabloid newspaper, conservative party 

9) How does online news consumption differ for age, gender and socio-economic status?

• 59% of 16-24 year olds use internet or apps for news
• 23% of 55+ 
• ABC1 53% use internet or apps compared to 32% C2DE 
• Men 45%
• women 37% 

10) What percentage of people use social media to access news? How does this differ by age and socio-economic status?

• 61% of 16 to 24 year olds use the internet to get their news
• 26% of 55+ demographic get their news from the e-media platform

11) What percentage of users only use social media sites for their news?

• There is approximately 43% of users that use the internet for news related content

12) What are the most popular online sites for news?

• Top viewed news site is obviously BBC News, with over 56%
• 29% are viewed on Facebook
• 26% use Google for news updates (news section)

13) What percentage of 16-24 year olds access news mostly from social media?

• 43% of 16-24 yearolds use the news through social media 

14) How do audiences find stories online? Do you follow links or go to the homepage of the news provider?

• Apps are the most popular form of access to these forms of content with 36%, meaning that smartphones is now considered one of the dominant e-media devices
• 27% type in what they are looking for via a search engine like Google
• 28% state they follow a link the see on social media, or have received one from a friend

New/digital media: audience and institution

15) What are the benefits for audiences from the changes new and digital media have had on the news industry?

Around 51% of 16-24 year olds use websites/apps to view their news however elder audiences 53% said they use a TV channel to access their news. The benefits of having websites/apps to view news is the ease of access and available sources, a greater variety of options is available from different providers online which works well with younger demographics. In addition, the new and digital media allows news to be accessed for free, giving people more power on where they can get their news from, instead previously majority of the news papers had prices on them, making people having to buy it.

16) What are the benefits for institutions from the changes new and digital media have had on the news industry?

The Institutions have gained a lot as well from the development in new and digital media for example, the wider audience market that previously. This is shown with The Daily Metro of receiving 5.5 million active readers on both platforms. It goes to show how much the e-media can provide for these institutions, as they get a much bigger reader base than they ever did. In addition, they can still make revenue after they print their one paper a day, and that is through their online news page, making them one step ahead of the game as well when previously they weren't. In 2014 Google claimed around $44 billion from simply advertising profits which shows the success the changes in new and digital media has brought for them.

17) What are the downsides for audiences as a result of new and digital media in news?

New and digital media is not formulated by one person, it is made up on millions of users (people) world wide, and the stories and news they share for public reading is based off of their perception. The question of trust arises as we do not know who writes certain posts and articles as gatekeeping is easy to get through online, there are trusted websites which have a good reputation such as the BBC but websites such as Wikipedia however don’t

18) What are the downsides for institutions as a result of new and digital media in news?

Institutions that operated via printing out papers, have now days lost a lot of revenue since the birth of the 3rd e-media platform. Simply, because they charge for their papers which people can now find online for no extra cost and secondly, they print one paper a day, whereas the internet constantly updates on a daily basis, capturing the story today for the institution to print tomorrow. People today, want news and facts fast and the current news press's aren't giving the audience what they want, but the internet is. From June 2010 Rupert Murdoch realised he can't sustain losing £57 million a year from his UK papers- The Times and Sunday times. Therefore he put up a pay wall so that the on-line editions cost £1 which is the same as newspaper versions even though they cost more to produce.

19) Who has benefited most from the changes new and digital media have had on the news industry - audiences or institutions?

I believe that the audience have benefited a lot from this development. It is now, that audience's have gained the power instead of the institutions. This was because, previously there was only newspapers that gave news to people, and therefore they had no choice but to pay in order to get the news they demanded. This showed how much power institutions had over their audience, it was as if they were forcing them to purchase a paper as it was considered a necessity. I think that they both benefit to some extent however the news institutions are making a lot less money than they once use to due to the changes in new and digital media. Lots of local newspapers have had to close down and disappear off the market due to how unpopular they have become.

Build The Wall analysis

1) Summaries each point in one sentence:

• Section 1-

Nowadays Journalism isn't appreciated in society anymore and that we should have a pay wall. It states that news has to come from somewhere, and that it is the job of the journalist to unlock the stories with evidence and give it to society. However, the online platform puts all these stories out for free, and although it is good that people are getting news much conveniently, it is the journalists that have to pay the price. 

• Section 2-

The internet isn't being used properly and is being misused and because of this they need to find a way to set up a pay wall. Due to the fact that news companies are gaining less and less revenue as the years go on, this method seems like a definite resort. 

• Section 3-

Newspapers are struggling to compete with the internet because there is a decline in the use of newspapers. As the internet arrived profit had been challenged. Even the monopolies of newspaper industry had found it difficult to compete with this new introduction into their industry.  

• Section 4-

In my opinion If there is a pay wall then it will be more beneficial in the long run. The time to gain revenue this was, has passed and the only news papers that took their initiative was the Times and The Post. There are two scenarios to help gain revenue and ensure the industries survival. First scenario states: an influx of new of cheap yet profitable online subscriptions. And the second scenario states: the collapse of regional news papers will create an opportunity for new, online subscription news. 

2) Summary of David Simon's overall argument:

In addition, what Simon's is trying to state is, that the newspaper industry is far too important to be gone.Those who are getting their news from the internet can pick what they want to read and how they receive their news as it can be done through internet pages, social media blogs and other ways.The government are also going to take action and they're going to see what people are searching by patrolling the internet. People have become use to the advances in new and digital media which makes it easier to gain access to things and one of these things being the news is made easier through online websites so good quality journalism isn't paid for. 

Journalists play a key role to society as any one, and they should be entitled to their own right to be paid for the work they do for society. People online don't see the importance of editors or journalists, and Simon's shows how damaging the decline in journalism will have an impact on our daily lives. 

3) Summary of essay:

The internet has both pros and cons and has done good and bad for us. With the internet being easily accessible in society, it is now easier for news to be spread out on a wider content in a shorter amount of time. However it is bad for journalists as it is harder for them to maintain their job as people can report news with advances in technology. I think that the internet is a good thing for society to report news but it is misused and should be paid for so the news is of high quality when it is reported and we’re reported what is actually happening rather than being misled. However, citizen journalism makes it easier to get the peoples view point and is easily accessible for us to get news that journalists cannot get access to. Although, that the article does share a split impact of the internet, I do believe that it's main agenda is praising the internet as a good thing. This is because the internet provides the alternative side to traditional media. Instead of being spoon-fed information, the internet can allow people to challenge the journalists. 

4) Critical Autonomy:

I think that there should be a pay wall because people reporting news themselves may not always be accurate and the information isn't regulated. In society we need to be reported news which is accurate but at times news isn't always reported this way which is why citizen journalism is a good thing to have. However, the power of this is misused by people at times and could make stories up or whatever is happening which could cause people to have a negative view on a topic causing their ideology to change which will have a negative on them. News should have a certain level of quality and accuracy when released towards the public which is what journalists provide us with which is why i think we need a pay wall. If there are not any journalists, then there is no power to challenge politicians and government leaders which subsequently, can tarnish society. likewise, I believe that journalists need to be paid for the hard work they do, as they are saving people's lives by un-veiling the corruptions in parts of the countries. 

Institution: the impact of Google on the newspaper industry

Case Study Introduction

News Institution Research

The Guardian-

• The newspapers online edition was the 5th most read paper read online in 2014, whereas it produced only 180,000 print copies of the paper.
• Right wing news paper
• Demographic is 40-80 years of a male dominated gender with a 60% male and 40% female.
• Owned by Scott Trust Limited
• Founded in 1821 and replaced the times famous paper known as "Manchester Observer"
• Sister newspapers include: The Observer and The Guardian Weekly
• Any profits made from The Guardian is reinvested into journalism rather than the shareholders. 

ITV-

• It is an independent TV under the ITA (TV Authority)
• Audience share: 13.27%
• ITV was first launched in 1955 and replaced the Channel 3 button on remotes
• Broadcast channel exclusively to broadcast
• Hold TV's most famous celebrities as well as duo's such as Simon Cowell as well as, Ant and Dec

BBC-

• It is known as the older national broadcasting station
• It is also the largest in the world by holding over 21,000 employees
• The BBC has established itself under The Royal Charter and is under the agreement with secretary of the state
• Makes over £5.1 Billion
• Non-bias system
• Funded by the TV licence in which the entire country should pay for in order to access the internet and watch BBC programmes
• Founded in 1922 (nearly 100 years ago)
• Has a public remit that it ensure to follow: Educate, Inform and Entertain

Metro-

• Is a free news paper, given to workers who go through the underground (trains)
• Has gained a constant number of people to read the news paper
• The third most used paper in 2016
• Has over 1.5 million readers

The Sun-

• Audience had declined by 300,000 people during 2015, likely cause of this could be the end of page 3
• The paper had received a daily proportion of 5.5. million daily readers
• The demographic is very much male dominated with a 59% male and a 41% female audience (this could show that page 3 had made the male figures slightly more higher than female ratings)
• The most ranked news paper in the UK
• The Sun is a tablid news paper that is sold in th UK and in Ireland since 1964
• The Sun had sold over 2.2 million copies in 2014 which was slightly under The Daily Mail
• Audience has declined dramatically over the years
• Has under 2 million readers

The Impact of Google:

1) Why has Google led to the decline of the news paper industry?:

One of the reasons as to why there is a decline of the newspaper industry would be because of the ways that businesses can be promoted through Google.Google is an innovative experience that is homed by the internet. Google has allowed the possibility of user interaction and data transferring. This makes it easier for data and information to be delivered to a wide audience much quicker, by typing what you are looking for. Due to the huge user base on Google, there is over 50 million different pages, each holding new information for other users to get hold of. People can now search for information they require without having to go into their local store to buy a news paper. In addition, information on Google is free, meaning that the hard work and effort journalists do to find a story, can already be on Google before the paper has even been published, which has led to avast decline in the newspaper industry.

2) Statistics:

• "$60 billion plus of potential annual ad sales that print publications seem to have lost, Google had grabbed about $44 billion by 2012, from virtually nothing in 2000". 

3) Personal autonomy of Google to blame:

In 2004 was the year that it had gone into its steepest. This could be because of the rise of smartphones at the time which has had convergence as 2008 also saw a slight dip in advertisement investment into print. This would've probably explained why there has been more advertising online than on print.I don't think Google is to blame for the downfall of the newspaper industry. Like the article said, it is the sites that have been developed within Google that are to blame. Google is simply a house that holds all these sites in place, anyone can make a site and share information. Google is just allowing for a wider user interaction hub.

4) Comments of other people:

"You can’t single out Google just because it’s the largest digital company. Patch, for example, invested hundreds of millions into journalism in the US and continues to search for the model that will work going forward. There are many who are investing in the future of journalism".

In my opinion I believe that majority of people are taking a stab at Google simply because they are a multi-million business that operates under a lot of power. I don't think that google is to blame for the loss of occupations from the newspaper industry. Google have found a phenomenal way to ensure that advertisers can promote their businesses. Since the internet is a widely accessed platform, then advertisers would want to use this to their advantage. Because of this, more and more people are likely to see the adverts online. Most People attempt to downgrade businesses that are doing extremely successful and tend to criticise them more than praising them. 

NDM story: 14/10/16- Netflix and corporation tax #8

Netflix paid little over £400,000 in corporation tax

https://www.theguardian.com/business/2016/oct/13/netflix-uk-corporation-tax

Summary

Netflix paid less that $400,000 in corporation tax last year, as they announced they had received over 36.5 million revenue from the UK. The business is said to have at least 6 million UK subscribers, which made them a pre-tax profit of £1.8 million. The companies HQ is located in the Netherlands. It's functional currency is euros, so whenever they receive their revenue, it comes through as euros rather than the pound. An investigation done by 'The Sunday Times' showed that Netflix had generated over £200 million in revenue from the UK alone. A Netflix spoke man said that Netflix was helping the economy in ever possible way, through VAT and contribution tax etc. 

Statistics

• Netlifx gave £400,000 as contribution tax to the UK
•  They received a pre-tax profit of 1.8 million
• They have over 6 million UK subscribers
• They received over £200 million from the UK alone
• Total of £2.5 million was spent on wages

Own view

in my opinion, It seems that the online business such as the ones listed, are the future of tax dodging as they can do it much easier and better compared to a physical store. I think that it is much easier for internet based businesses to doge tax than compared to a physical store. Meaning, the majority of these 'tax dodgers' all seem to be coming from one media outlet; The online media platform.  Finally, the article I stated had a very important addition to it. It was the 'Sunday Times' that broke the news of the new profits that Netflix had made, with over £200 million in profit. It is stories like these which help the community, as the public will be blinded by these big corporations. It is the news outlets that are saving society and shedding light on those who are not playing their part. Which strengthens the point that news should not be free. 

NDM: Snapchat TV #7

Snapchat TV:

https://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/sep/09/snapchat-weekly-football-tv-show-copa90-bleacher-report

Summary

The business has gone across multi-platforms such as Facebook, Instagram and YouTube. The new stream will happen every week on Bleacher reports Snapchat on Sunday throughout the football season. Snapchat are aware of its football fanatic users and want to maintain as well as gain more users by developing this online series. Snapchat are attempting to do a weekly TV show made by a digital football network known as Copa90. The head of Copa90 states that the new show will not be anything like 'telly' and will be true to the Snapchat users experience.  Snapchat also launched its own show known as Good Luck America, which is about the US elections. Snapchat users are becoming ever more used to and engaging with video/visual content on the platform.

Stats

• 11,000,000 global subscribers
• 10 million daily active users were watching Snapchat's Rio Olympics coverage
• Snapchat to recieve £10 billion in revenue due to this

Own view

Snapchat have introduced a feature that offers what TV doesn't, which is interacting with the youth culture. In my opinion, I think Snapchat is changing the face of social networking, similarly to how Facebook were the pioneers of online chats. Snapchat has basically found a well loved TV series, that gained millions of people, but was dying out. Snapchat re-invented this series and revived it in a way that will regain the audience that was missing. Snapchat is making with the trend, the trend that the youth are the next audience for visual and video content and not TV.

NDM: Fake news clampdown: Google gives €150,000 to fact-checking project #6

Fake news clampdown: Google gives €150,000 to fact-checking projects

https://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/nov/17/fake-news-google-funding-fact-checking-us-election

Summary:

Google has given 150,000 euros to three UK organisations to go through their engine to fact checking to help journalists. This has lead to public people to avoid fake news from Google's engine. This story as risen suspicion for other social media sites such as Facebook whether they are too spreading fake stories to consumers. 

Statistics:

• Full Fact will be receiving 50,000 euros
• Another 50,000 euros goes towards Factama
• There was also another fact checking organisation in Italy which received 45,000 euros
• Google has given 150,000 euros to three UK companies to fact check
• The money is from a £20.5 million round funding from Google's digital news initiative

Own view:

in my opinion, I believe that these organisations despite being 'dominant' compared to news organisations, they are trying to destroy themselves if this error doesn't get fixed. Everybody (majority) use the internet for advice and help, and if what they consume is incorrect it will lead to disloyalty amongst audience members whom may go back to using print platform. This could be the break that the print organisations have been waiting for. This is because news on print is, if ever, wrong and this can result in news organisations gaining customers back due to all these 'false' news stories. 

NDM: Slug spotted with cigarette in east London #5

Slug spotted with cigarette in east London 

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/10/29/slug-spotted-with-cigarette-in-east-london/

Cigarettes cause untold misery, disease and death. Nicotine addiction isn’t something one should ever encourage, condone or celebrate. Unless, of course, you’re talking about a slug. With slugs it’s a different matter entirely. This slug was spotted on the streets of Walthams this week by local resident Karen Staughton. 

News stories like this really strike the audience as its funny.The funny thing about this news story is that it gained more attention than other news stories in which are more important. this can also tell us the way social media is changing in society nowadays and that people enjoy the news for more entertainment purposes. Bringing news stories like this help the news industry to break the barrier of informality in which is good as they'd want to make their audience bored so by doing this they can successfully attract different viewers. Another interesting thing about this story is that they raise awareness of tobacco smoking and they state how it harms your body.

NDM: Teenagers need to be better educated on sexting #4

Sexting education for the youth

https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2016/oct/31/teens-should-be-educated-about-safer-sexting-not-just-abstinence-report-says

The main problem with past books and resources is that they are very much disconnected from the youth culture, how they interact technology and each other. A report made by the foundations youth health sector support have stated that current knowledge and advice regarding sexting to the youth is very much outdated. Majority of the books that the foundation discovered were very much aimed at working men and women rather than youngsters who are predominately the ones who carry smartphones and use social media a lot. 

Things like the words 'text' is outdated when a more recent book should be more defiant such as 'what sapping' or 'snap chatting', these are the details that will really relate to a lot of youth as they use these media outlets anyways and may need advice regarding those areas. I believe that it is true that sexting is a subject that hasn't been very well taught to youngsters as the advice given to the youth is very much outdated and doesn't really connect with out ideologies.

NDM- What is Malia Obama smoking? #3

What is Malia Obama smoking? President's daughter suspected of cannabis use at festival

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FaeqAD0vryY

The 18-year-old daughter of President Barack Obama has been spotted smoking what some suspected was a cannabis joint.

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/08/11/what-is-malia-obama-smoking-presidents-daughter-suspected-of-can/

This news story can potentially change peoples views on cannabis smoking as they wont expect the presidents daughters smoking pot since the presidents family have high standards.

Miss Obama missed Hillary Clinton's speech at the Democratic National Convention last month to go to Lollapalooza. Previous video had emerged of her "twerking" at the festival. Her father has previously admitted smoking cannabis in his youth and he was part of a group of friends known as the "choom gang" in Hawaii. This can link to the media as its a really strong story. the fact that the president the person who runs the country family has portrayed a negative representation and after this story peoples mind perspective of Malia Obama will change as they will think that smoking pot is a good thing as the presidents daughter consumes it. this story raised alot of attention on social media such as twitter people been tweeting a lot of negative comments towards Malia.

The social media reaction has been a mix of the predictable, the hilarious and the obvious attempts at political point scoring. 

Perhaps the most interesting thing about the reactions is the number of people saying, “Who cares?” and expressing sympathy for the 18-year-old.

‘Let her live’: Twitter reacts to Malia Obama’s apparent weed smoking

Peter Czyrklis

‏@peterczyy

Malia is a human teenager LET HER LIVE

 

Kashana 

✔

@kashanacauley

These are one of the examples of people tweeting about malia smoking pot. some people support the fact that shes smoking as she has the right to do what she wants with her life and every human being makes mistakes.